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Durability of Reinforced Concrete Construction

Overview

Description

This intensive five-day course presents a concise coverage of the many issues that can affect the durability of reinforced concrete construction.  It does this from both an academic and practical basis by addressing a range of topics in the areas of durability and also structural integrity, including the most recent research information.  The course specifically deals with the selection of materials for the manufacture, placement and performance of high quality, durable concrete for use in a variety of exposure conditions, but especially in hot, humid and chloride risk environments.  If concrete of appropriate quality is placed, the concrete (and also the structure) will be able to perform adequately through its design life.  If it cannot, then the concrete will gradually deteriorate with consequential effects on its appearance, performance and possibility its structural integrity.

Objective

  • To establish the academic and practical basis of the design, manufacture and placement of durable concrete including the range of reinforcing materials, cement and cement products, aggregates and admixtures.
  • To understand the concepts of the durability of concrete and the role of environmental factors in affecting durability including the corrosion of reinforcement and changes in the concrete materials leading to degradation of the properties and performance of reinforced concrete.
  • To understand the range of issues that impact on the long-term durability and performance of reinforced concrete construction
  • To illustrate by case studies examples of the lack of durability in concrete and the effects this may have on structural integrity.
  • To present information on modern approaches to the selection of materials, both metallic and cementitous to ensure adequate durability of concrete.
  • To explore alternative methods to protect reinforced concrete including new or innovative materials and the use of supplementary corrosion protection systems.

Who should Attend

Civil and structural engineers involved with RC construction.  Materials engineers, consultants, specifiers, government agencies, building contractors, concrete and reinforcement suppliers, quality assurance personnel, construction managers.  Academic staff and researchers with interests in concrete and materials.

Outline

Course Outline

    • Cement materials: Non hydraulic cements, Hydraulic cements, chemistry, manufacture, types, developments in modern cement and their impact on construction and the environment, hydration of cement, role of gypsum. Physical and chemical characteristics, measurements of densities, heavy aggregates, normal weight aggregates, lightweight aggregates, water absorption and its measurement, storing on site. Grading requirements, achieving certain grading curve.
    • Aggregates: Aggregates characteristics in relation to job suitability for normal concrete, exposed aggregate concrete, pumpable concrete, shotcrete, repair concrete, self compacting concrete.
    • Reinforcing Materials: Traditional and special steels, micro-alloyed steels, quenched and tempered steels. Stainless steels and stainless-clad steel. Other metals including nickel and nickel-clad steels, copper-based alloys, titanium. Manufacturing methods, properties and specification. Codes and Standards. Fabrication methods including bending, cutting and welding. Mechanical joining methods.
    • Corrosion of Metals: Principles of corrosion, anode and cathodes, electrolyte and cathode mechanism. Effect of pH. Rate of corrosion. Corrosion measurements. Passivation and corrosion of iron. Factors leading to formation of anodes and cathodes in concrete. Electrolytic mechanism in concrete. Effect of corrosion: corrosion products of iron, cracking, delamination and spalling of concrete.
    • Chemical admixtures: Plasticisers, superplasticisers, accelerators, retarders, viscosity modifiers, air entraining agents, shrinkage reducing agents.
    • Mix design: The British method, the ACI method, adjusting for absorption of aggregates, adjusting for the superplasticisers.
    • Avoiding corrosion: Strategies for corrosion prevention. Selection of materials, changes to concrete mass, isolation of reinforcement, Cathodic protection, re-alkalisation, chloride removal.
    • Coated Reinforcement: Epoxy coated reinforcement. Manufacture, quality requirements, structural performance. Codes and Standards. Applications and field performance. Galvanized reinforcement. Processing, metallurgy. Chemical behavior, mechanical and structural performance. Fabrication and field handling. Codes and Standards. Applications and field performance.
    • Fresh and hardened concrete: Workability, air content, self compaction, pumpability, heat evolution, loss of workability, setting time, plastic shrinkage, bleeding, and laitance. Hardened concrete: Compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, Non-destructive testing for mechanical properties.
    • Current issues in the Durability of Concrete: Sulphate attack, alkali aggregate reaction, shrinkage, fire resistance
    • The Concretes of the Future: The use of fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, self compacting concrete, geopolymers.
    • Future Metals for Construction: Future developments in reinforcing materials. Ultra high strength steels. Other metals for long-term performance in critical infrastructures. Non-metallic reinforcement – GRPs, FRPs, natural materials etc.